SWAT+ Documentation
  • Introduction to SWAT+
  • SWAT/SWAT+ Literature
  • Watershed Configuration
    • Spatial Objects
    • Connectivity
  • Land Use and Management
  • Calibration
  • Output Analysis
    • Basin Water Balance
  • SWAT+ Input Files
    • Input File Format
    • Master File (file.cio)
    • Simulation Settings
      • object.cnt
      • time.sim
        • day_start
        • yrc_start
        • day_end
        • yrc_end
        • step
      • print.prt
        • nyskip
        • interval
        • aa_int_cnt
        • hydcon
        • object
      • object.prt
        • obj_typ
        • obj_typ_no
        • hyd_typ
    • Climate
      • weather-sta.cli
        • name (weather_sta.cli)
        • wgn
        • pcp
        • tmp
        • slr
        • hmd
        • wnd
        • pet
        • atmo_dep
      • weather-wgn.cli
        • name (weather_wgn.cli)
        • yrs_pcp
        • tmp_max_ave
        • tmp_min_ave
        • tmp_max_sd
        • tmp_min_sd
        • pcp_ave
        • pcp_sd
        • pcp_skew
        • wet_dry
        • wet_wet
        • pcp_days
        • pcp_hhr
        • slr_ave
        • dew_ave
        • wnd_ave
      • pcp.cli and pcp data files
      • tmp.cli and tmp data files
      • hmd.cli and hmd data files
      • slr.cli and slr data files
      • wnd.cli and wnd data files
      • atmo.cli
        • timestep
        • num_aa
    • Basin
      • codes.bsn
        • pet
        • crack
        • swift_out
        • rte_cha
        • nostress
        • carbon
        • lapse
        • uhyd
        • tiledrain
        • wtable
        • soil_p
        • gampt
        • qual2e
        • gwflow
      • parameters.bsn
        • sw_init
        • surq_lag
        • adj_pkrt
        • prf
        • orgn_min
        • n_uptake
        • p_uptake
        • n_perc
        • p_perc
        • p_soil
        • p_avail
        • rsd_decomp
        • pest_perc
        • msk_co1
        • msk_co2
        • msk_x
        • nperco_lchtile
        • evap_adj
        • denit_exp
        • denit_frac
        • adj_uhyd
        • cn_froz
        • dorm_hr
        • plaps
        • tlaps
        • n_fix_max
        • rsd_decay
        • urb_init_abst
        • uhyd_alpha
        • splash
        • rill
        • surq_exp
        • cov_mgt
        • co2
    • Landscape Units
      • ls_unit.def
        • id (ls_unit.def)
        • name (ls_unit.def)
        • elem_tot
        • elements
      • ls_unit.ele
        • id (ls_unit.ele)
        • name (ls_unit.ele)
        • obj_typ
        • obj_typ_no
        • bsn_frac
    • Routing Units
      • rout_unit.rtu
        • id (rout_unit.rtu)
        • name (rout_unit.rtu)
        • define
        • topo
        • field
      • rout_unit.def
        • id (rout_unit.def)
        • name (rout_unit.def)
        • elem_tot
        • elements
      • rout_unit.ele
        • id (rout_unit.ele)
        • name (rout_uni.ele)
        • obj_typ
        • obj_id
    • Hydrologic Response Units
      • hru-data.hru
        • id (hru-data.hru)
        • name (hru-data.hru)
        • topo
        • hydro
        • soil
        • lu_mgt
        • soil_plant_init
        • surf_stor
        • snow
        • field
      • hru-lte.hru
        • id (hru-lte.hru)
        • name (hru-lte.hru)
        • area
        • cn2
        • cn3_swf
        • t_conc
        • soil_dp
        • perco_co
        • slp
        • slp_len
        • et_co
        • aqu_sp_yld
        • alpha_bf
        • revap
        • rchg_dp
        • sw_init
        • aqu_init
        • aqu_sh_flo
        • aqu_dp_flo
        • snow_h2o
        • lat
        • soil_text
        • trop_flag
        • grow_start
        • grow_end
        • plnt_typ
        • stress
        • pet_flag
        • irr_flag
        • irr_src
        • t_drain
        • usle_k
        • usle_c
        • usle_p
        • usle_ls
    • Hydrology
      • topography.hyd
        • name (topography.hyd)
        • slp
        • slp_len
        • lat_len
        • depos
      • hydrology.hyd
        • name (hydrology.hyd)
        • lat_time
        • lat_sed
        • can_max
        • esco
        • epco
        • orgn_enrich
        • orgp_enrich
        • cn3_swf
        • bio_mix
        • perco
        • lat_orgn
        • lat_orgp
        • pet_co
        • latq_co
      • snow.sno
        • name (snow.sno)
        • fall_tmp
        • melt_tmp
        • melt_max
        • melt_min
        • tmp_lag
        • snow_h2o
        • cov50
        • snow_init
      • field.fld
        • name (field.fld)
        • len
        • wd
    • Soils
      • soils.sol
        • name (soils.sol)
        • hyd_grp
        • dp_tot
        • anion_excl
        • perc_crk
        • texture
        • bd
        • awc
        • soil_k
        • carbon
        • clay
        • silt
        • sand
        • rock
        • alb
        • usle_k
        • ec
        • caco3
        • ph
      • soil_plant.ini
        • name (soil_plant.ini)
        • sw_frac
        • nutrients
        • pest
        • salt
      • nutrients.sol
        • name (nutrients.sol)
        • exp_co
        • lab_p
        • nitrate
        • fr_hum_act
        • hum_c_n
        • hum_c_p
    • Landuse and Management
      • landuse.lum
        • name (landuse.lum)
        • cal_grp
        • plnt_com
        • mgt
        • cn2
        • cons_prac
        • urban
        • urb_ro
        • ov_mann
        • tile
        • sep
        • vfs
        • grww
        • bmp
      • plant.ini
        • name (plant.ini)
        • plnt_cnt
        • rot_yr_ini
        • plnt_name
        • lc_status
        • lai_init
        • bm_init
        • phu_init
        • plnt_pop
        • yrs_init
        • rsd_init
      • management.sch
        • name (management.sch)
        • op_typ
        • op_data1
        • op_data2
        • op_data3
      • cntable.lum
        • name (cntable.lum)
        • cn_a
        • cn_b
        • cn_c
        • cn_d
      • cons_practice.lum
        • name (cons_practice.lum)
        • usle_p
        • slp_len_max
      • ovn_table.lum
        • name (ovn_table.lum)
        • ovn_mean
        • ovn_min
        • ovn_max
    • Decision Tables
      • "name".dtl
        • var
        • obj
        • obj_num
        • lim_var
        • lim_op
        • lim_const
        • alt
        • act_typ
        • obj
        • obj_num
        • name
        • option
        • const
        • const2
        • fp
        • outcome
    • Management Practices
      • harv.ops
        • name (harv.ops)
        • harv_typ
        • harv_idx
        • harv_eff
        • harv_bm_min
      • graze.ops
        • name (graze.ops)
        • fertname
        • bm_eat
        • bm_tramp
        • man_amt
        • grz_bm_min
      • irr.ops
        • name (irr.ops)
        • irr_eff
        • surq_rto
        • irr_amt
        • irr_dep
        • irr_salt
        • irr_no3n
        • irr_po4
      • chem_app.ops
        • name (chem_app.ops)
        • app_eff
        • inject_dp
        • surf_frac
      • fire.ops
        • name (fire.ops)
        • chg_cn2
        • frac_burn
      • sweep.ops
        • name (sweep.ops)
        • swp_eff
        • frac_curb
    • Structural Practices
      • tiledrain.str
        • name (tiledrain.str)
        • dp
        • t_fc
        • lag
        • rad
        • dist
        • drain
        • pump
        • lat_ksat
      • filterstrip.str
        • name (filterstrip.str)
        • fld_vfs
        • con_vfs
        • cha_q
      • grassedww.str
        • name (grassedww.str)
        • mann
        • sed_co
        • dp
        • wd
        • len
        • slp
      • bmpuser.str
        • name (bmpuser.str)
        • sed_eff
        • ptlp_eff
        • solp_eff
        • ptln_eff
        • soln_eff
        • bact_eff
      • septic.str
        • name (septic.str)
        • typ
        • yr
        • operation
        • residents
        • area
        • t_fail
        • dp_bioz
        • thk_bioz
        • cha_dist
        • sep_dens
        • bm_dens
        • bod_decay
        • bod_conv
        • fc_lin
        • fc_exp
        • fecal_decay
        • tds_conv
        • mort
        • resp
        • slough1
        • slough2
        • nit
        • denit
        • p_sorp
        • p_sorp_max
        • solp_slp
        • solp_int
    • Databases
      • plants.plt
        • name (plants.plt)
        • plnt_typ
        • gro_trig
        • nfix_co
        • days_mat
        • bm_e
        • harv_idx
        • lai_pot
        • frac_hu1
        • lai_max1
        • frac_hu2
        • lai_max2
        • hu_lai_decl
        • dlai_rate
        • can_ht_max
        • rt_dp_max
        • tmp_opt
        • tmp_base
        • frac_n_yld
        • frac_p_yld
        • frac_n_em
        • frac_n_50
        • frac_n_mat
        • frac_p_em
        • frac_p_50
        • frac_p_mat
        • harv_idx_ws
        • usle_c_min
        • stcon_max
        • vpd
        • frac_stcon
        • ru_vpd
        • co2_hi
        • bm_e_hi
        • plnt_decomp
        • lai_min
        • bm_tree_acc
        • yrs_mat
        • bm_tree_max
        • ext_co
        • leaf_tov_min
        • leaf_tov_max
        • bm_dieoff
        • rt_st_beg
        • rt_st_end
        • plnt_pop1
        • frac_lai1
        • plnt_pop2
        • frac_lai2
        • frac_sw_gro
        • aeration
        • rsd_pctcov
        • rsd_covfac
      • urban.urb
        • name (urban.urb)
        • frac_imp
        • frac_dc_imp
        • curb_den
        • urb_wash
        • dirt_max
        • t_halfmax
        • conc_totn
        • conc_totp
        • conc_no3
        • urb_cn
      • tillage.til
        • name (tillage.til)
        • mix_eff
        • mix_dp
      • fertilizer.frt
        • name (fertilizer.frt)
        • min_n
        • min_p
        • org_n
        • org_p
        • nh3_n
      • pesticide.pes
        • name (pesticide.pes)
        • soil_ads
        • frac_wash
        • hl_foliage
        • hl_soil
        • solub
        • aq_reac
        • aq_volat
        • mol_wt
        • aq_resus
        • aq_settle
        • ben_act_dep
        • ben_bury
        • ben_reac
      • septic.sep
        • name (septic.sep)
        • q_rate
        • bod
        • tss
        • nh4_n
        • no3_n
        • no2_n
        • org_n
        • min_p
        • org_p
        • fcoli
    • Wetlands
      • wetland.wet
        • id (wetland.wet)
        • name (wetland.wet)
        • init
        • hyd
        • rel
        • sed
        • nut
      • hydrology.wet
        • name (hydrology.wet)
        • hru_ps
        • dp_ps
        • hru_es
        • dp_es
        • k
        • evap
        • vol_area_co
        • vol_dp_a
        • vol_dp_b
        • hru_frac
    • Aquifers
      • aquifer.aqu
        • id (aquifer.aqu)
        • name (aquifer.aqu)
        • aqu_init
        • gw_flo
        • dep_bot
        • dep_wt
        • no3_n
        • sol_p
        • carbon
        • flo_dist
        • flo_max
        • alpha_bf
        • revap
        • rchg_dp
        • spec_yld
        • hl_no3n
        • flo_min
        • revap_min
      • initial.aqu
        • name (initial.aqu)
        • org_min
        • pest
        • path
        • hmet
        • salt
    • GWFlow
    • Channels
      • channel-lte.cha
        • id (channel-lte.cha)
        • name (channel-lte.cha)
        • ini
        • hyd
        • nut
      • initial.cha
        • name (initial.cha)
        • org_min
        • pest
        • salt
      • hyd-sed-lte.cha
        • name (hyd-sed-lte.cha)
        • wd
        • dp
        • slp
        • len
        • mann
        • k
        • erod_fact
        • cov_fact
        • sinu
        • eq_slp
        • d50
        • clay
        • carbon
        • dry_bd
        • side_slp
        • bed_load
        • fps
        • fpn
        • n_conc
        • p_conc
        • p_bio
      • nutrients.cha
        • name (nutrients.cha)
        • plt_n
        • plt_p
        • alg_stl
        • ben_disp
        • ben_nh3n
        • ptln_stl
        • ptlp_stl
        • cst_stl
        • ben_cst
        • cbn_bod_co
        • air_rt
        • cbn_bod_stl
        • ben_bod
        • bact_die
        • cst_decay
        • nh3n_no2n
        • no2n_no3n
        • ptln_nh3n
        • ptlp_solp
        • q2e_lt
        • q2e_alg
        • chla_alg
        • alg_n
        • alg_p
        • alg_o2_prod
        • alg_o2_resp
        • o2_nh3n
        • o2_no2n
        • alg_grow
        • alg_resp
        • slr_act
        • lt_co
        • const_n
        • const_p
        • lt_nonalg
        • alg_shd_l
        • alg_shd_nl
        • nh3_pref
    • Reservoirs and Ponds
      • reservoir.res
        • id (reservoir.res)
        • name (reservoir.res)
        • init
        • hyd
        • rel
        • sed
        • nut
      • initial.res
        • name (initial.res)
        • org_min
        • pest
        • salt
      • hydrology.res
        • name (hydrology.res)
        • yr_op
        • mon_op
        • area_ps
        • vol_ps
        • area_es
        • vol_es
        • k
        • evap_co
        • shp_co1
        • shp_co2
      • sediment.res
        • name (sediment.res)
        • nsed
        • d50
        • carbon
        • bd
        • sed_stl
        • stl_vel
      • nutrients.res
        • name (nutrients.res)
        • mid_start
        • mid_end
        • mid_n_stl
        • n_stl
        • mid_p_stl
        • p_stl
        • chla_co
        • secchi_co
        • theta_n
        • theta_p
        • n_min_stl
        • p_min_stl
      • weir.res
        • name (weir.res)
        • numb_steps
        • disch_co
        • energy_co
        • weir_wd
        • vel_co
        • dp_co
    • Nutrient initialization
      • om_water.ini
        • name (om_water.ini)
        • vol
        • sed
        • part_n
        • part_p
        • no3
        • solp
        • chl_a
        • nh3
        • no2
        • cbn_bod
        • dis_ox
        • sand
        • silt
        • clay
        • sm_ag
        • l_ag
        • gvl
        • tmp
    • Constituents
      • constituents.cs
      • pest_water.ini
      • pest_hru.ini
      • salt_water.ini
      • salt_hru.ini
    • Point Sources and Inlets
      • recall.rec
        • id (recall.rec)
        • rec_typ
        • file
      • 'filename'.rec
    • Connectivity
      • 'object'.con
        • id
        • name
        • gis_id
        • area
        • lat
        • lon
        • elev
        • 'obj'
        • wst
        • cst
        • ovfl
        • rule
        • out_tot
        • obj_typ
        • obj_id
        • hyd_typ
        • frac
      • aqu_cha.lin
      • chan_surf.lin
    • Water Allocation
      • water_allocation.wro
        • rule_typ
        • cha_ob
        • ob_typ (source)
        • limit_mon
        • ob_typ (demand)
        • withdr
        • amount
        • right
        • rcv_ob
        • rcv_num
        • srcs
        • src
        • frac
        • comp
    • Calibration
      • codes.sft
      • wb_parms.sft
      • water_balance.sft
      • cal_parms.cal
      • calibration.cal
  • SWAT+ Output Files
    • Output File Format
    • Debugging Outputs
    • Soil
    • Management
    • Flow Duration Curve
    • Water Balance
    • Nutrient Balance
    • Losses
    • Plant and Weather
    • Channel
    • Aquifer
    • Reservoir
    • Recall
    • Hydrographs
    • Routing Unit
    • Pesticides
    • Object Outputs
  • Theoretical Documentation
    • Climate: Energy
      • Sun-Earth Relationships
        • Distance between Earth and Sun
        • Solar Declination
        • Solar Noon, Sunrise, Sunset, and Daylength
      • Solar Radiation
        • Extraterrestrial Radiation
        • Solar Radiation under Cloudless Skies
        • Daily Solar Radiation
        • Hourly Solar Radiation
        • Daily Net Radiation
      • Temperature
        • Daily Air Temperature
        • Hourly Air Temperature
        • Soil Temperature
        • Water Temperature
      • Wind Speed
  • Atmospheric Water
    • Precipitation
    • Maximum Half-Hour Rainfall
    • Water Vapor
    • Snow Cover
    • Snow Melt
      • Snow Pack Temperature
        • Snow Melt Equation
  • Weather Generator
    • Precipitation
      • Occurrence of Wet or Dry Day
      • Amount of Precipitation
      • Maximum Half-Hour Rainfall
        • Monthly Maximum Half-Hour Rain
        • Daily Maximum Half-Hour Rain Value
        • Distribution of Rainfall Within Day
        • Normalized Intensity Distribution
        • Generated Time to Peak Intensity
        • Total Rainfall and Duration
        • Solar Radiation & Temperature
        • Daily Residuals
        • Generated Values
        • Adjustment for Clear/Overcast Conditions
        • Solar Radiation
        • Relative Humidity
        • Mean Monthly Relative Humidity
        • Generated Daily Value
        • Adjustment for Clear/Overcast Conditions
        • Wind Speed
  • Climate Customization
    • Elevation Bands
    • Climate Change
    • Weather Forecast Incorporation
  • Section 2: Hydrology
  • Surface Runoff
    • Runoff Volume: SCS Curve Number Procedure
    • SCS Curve Number
    • Soil Hydrologic Groups
    • Antecedent Soil Moisture Condition
    • Retention Parameter
    • Slope Adjustments
    • Runoff Volume: Green & Ampt Infiltration Method
    • Peak Runoff Rate
    • Time of Concentration
      • Overland Flow Time of Concentration
      • Channel Flow Time of Concentration
    • Runoff Coefficient
    • Rainfall Intensity
    • Modified Rational Formula
    • Surface Runoff Lag
    • Transmission Losses
  • Chapter 2:2 Evapotranspiration
    • 2:2.1 Canopy Storage
    • 2:2.2 Potential Evapotranspiration
      • 2:2.2.1 Penman-Monteith Method
        • Soil Heat Flux
        • Aerodynamic Resistance
        • Canopy Resistance
        • Combined Term
      • 2:2.2.2 Priestley-Taylor Method
      • 2:2.2.3 Hargreaves Method
      • 2:2.2.4 Reading Measured or Estimated PET
    • 2:2.3 Actual Evapotranspiration
      • 2:2.3.1 Evaporation of Intercepted Rainfall
      • 2:2.3.2 Transpiration
      • 2:2.3.3 Sublimation and Evaporation from the Soil
        • Sublimation
        • Soil Water Evaporation
      • 2:2.3.4 Evaporation from Ponded Water
  • Soil Water
    • Soil Structure
    • Percolation
    • Bypass Flow
    • Perched Water Table
    • Lateral Flow
      • Lateral Flow Lag
  • Groundwater
    • Groundwater Systems
    • Shallow Aquifer
      • Recharge
      • Partitioning of Recharge Between Shallow and Deep Aquifer
      • Groundwater/Base Flow
      • Revap
      • Pumping
      • Groundwater Height
    • Deep Aquifer
  • Nitrogen
    • Nitrogen Cycle in the Soil
      • Initialization of Soil Nitrogen Levels
    • Mineralization & Decomposition / Immobilization
      • Humus Mineralization
      • Residue Decomposition & Mineralization
    • Nitrification & Ammonia Volatilization
    • Denitrification
    • Atmospheric Deposition
      • Nitrogen in Rainfall
      • Nitrogen Dry Deposition
    • Fixation
    • Upward Movement of Nitrate in Water
    • Leaching
    • Nitrate in the Shallow Aquifer
  • Phosphorus
    • Phosphorus Cycle
      • Initialization of Soil Phosphorus Levels
    • Mineralization & Decomposition / Immobilization
      • Humus Mineralization
      • Residue Decomposition & Mineralization
    • Sorption of Inorganic P
    • Leaching
    • Phosphorus in the Shallow Aquifer
  • Pesticides
    • Wash-off
    • Degradation
    • Leaching
  • Bacteria
    • Wash-off
    • Bacteria Die-off/Re-growth
    • Leaching
  • Carbon
    • Sub-model Description
    • Changes from previous version
    • Analytical Solutions
  • Sediment
    • MUSLE
      • Soil Erodibility Factor
      • Cover and Management Factor
      • Support Practice Factor
      • Topographic Factor
      • Coarse Fragment Factor
    • USLE
      • Rainfall Erodibility Index
    • Snow Cover Effects
    • Sediment Lag in Surface Runoff
    • Sediment in Lateral & Groundwater Flow
  • Nutrient Transport
    • Nitrate Movement
    • Organic N in Surface Runoff
      • Enrichment Ratio
    • Soluble Phosphorus Movement
    • Organic & Mineral P Attached to Sediment in Surface Runoff
      • Enrichment Ratio
    • Nutrient Lag in Surface Runoff and Lateral Flow
  • Pesticide Transport
    • Phase Distribution of Pesticide
    • Movement of Soluble Pesticide
    • Transport of Sorbed Pesticide
      • Enrichment Ratio
    • Pesticide Lag in Surface Runoff and Lateral Flow
  • Bacteria Transport
    • Bacteria in Surface Runoff
    • Bacteria Attached to Sediment in Surface Runoff
      • Enrichment Ratio
    • Bacteria Lag in Surface Runoff
  • Water Quality Parameters
    • Algae
    • Carbonaceous Biological Oxygen Demand
      • Enrichment Ratio
    • Dissolved Oxygen
      • Oxygen Saturation Concentration
  • Growth Cycle
    • Heat Units
      • Heat Unit Scheduling
    • Dormancy
    • Plant Types
  • Optimal Growth
    • Potential Growth
      • Biomass Production
        • Impact of Climate on Radiation-Use Efficiency
        • Modification of Biomass Calculation for Trees
      • Canopy Cover and Height
      • Root Development
      • Maturity
    • Water Uptake by Plants
      • Impact of Low Soil Water Content
      • Actual Water Uptake
    • Nutrient Uptake by Plants
      • Nitrogen Uptake
        • Nitrogen Fixation
      • Phosphorus Uptake
    • Crop Yield
  • Actual Growth
    • Growth Constraints
      • Water Stress
      • Temperature Stress
      • Nitrogen Stress
      • Phosphorus Stress
    • Actual Growth
      • Biomass Override
    • Actual Yield
      • Harvest Index Override
      • Harvest Efficiency
  • General Management
    • Planting/Beginning of Growing Season
    • Harvest Operation
    • Grazing Operation
    • Harvest & Kill Operation
    • Kill/End of Growing Season
    • Tillage
      • Biological Mixing
    • Fertilizer Application
    • Auto-Application of Fertilizer
    • Continuous Application of Fertilizer
    • Pesticide Application
  • Water Management
    • Irrigation
      • Manual Application of Irrigation
      • Auto-Application of Irrigation
    • Tile Drainage
    • Impounded/Depressional Areas
    • Water Transfer
    • Consumptive Water Use
    • Point Source Loadings
  • Urban Areas
    • Characteristics of Urban Areas
    • Surface Runoff from Urban Areas
    • USGS Regression Equations
    • Build Up/Wash Off
      • Street Cleaning
  • Septic Systems
    • Biozone Algorithm
      • Buildup of Live Bacterial Biomass
      • Fate and Transport of Bacterial Biomass
      • Field Capacity
      • Clogging Effect on Hydraulic Conductivity
      • Soil Moisture and Percolation
      • Nitrogen, BOD, Fecal Coliform
      • Phosphorus Removal
      • Model Assumptions
    • Integration of Biozone Algorithm
      • Simulating Active and Failing Systems
  • Filter Strips and Grassed Waterways
    • Filter Strips
      • Empirical Model Development
      • Sediment Reduction Model
      • Nutrient Reduction Models
        • Total Nitrogen
        • Nitrate Nitrogen
        • Total Phosphorus
        • Soluble Phosphorus
      • VFS SWAT+ Model Structure
    • Grassed Waterways
  • Water Routing
    • Channel Characteristics
    • Flow Rate and Velocity
    • Variable Storage Routing Method
    • Muskingum Routing Method
    • Transmission Losses
    • Evaporation Losses
    • Bank Storage
    • Channel Water Balance
  • Sediment Routing
    • Landscape Contribution to Subbasin Routing Reach
    • Sediment Routing In Stream Channels
      • Simplified Bagnold Equation (Default method)
      • Physics Based Approach for Channel Erosion
    • Channel Erodibility Factor
    • Channel Cover Factor
    • Channel Downcutting and Widening
  • In-Stream Nutrient Processes
    • Algae
      • Chlorophyll a
      • Algal Growth
        • Local Specific Growth Rate of Algae
        • Local Respiration Rate of Algae
        • Local Settling Rate of Algae
    • Nitrogen Cycle
      • Organic Nitrogen
      • Ammonium
      • Nitrite
      • Nitrate
    • Phosphorus Cycle
      • Organic Phosphorus
      • Inorganic/Soluble Phosphorus
    • Carbonaceous Biological Oxygen Demand
    • Oxygen
      • Oxygen Saturation Concentration
      • Reaeration
        • Reaeration By Fickian Diffusion
        • Reaeration By Turbulent Flow Over A Dam
  • In-Stream Pesticide Transformations
    • Pesticide In The Water
      • Solid-Liquid Partitioning
      • Degradation
      • Volatilization
      • Settling
      • Outflow
    • Pesticide In The Sediment
      • Solid-Liquid Partitioning
      • Degradation
      • Resuspension
      • Diffusion
      • Burial
    • Mass Balance
  • Bacteria Routing
    • Bacteria Decay
    • Bacteria Sediment
  • Heavy Metal Routing
  • Impoundment Water Routing
    • Reservoirs
      • Surface Area
      • Precipitation
      • Evaporation
      • Seepage
      • Outflow
        • Measured Daily Outflow
        • Measured Monthly Outflow
        • Average Annual Release Rate For Uncontrolled Reservoir
        • Target Release For Controlled Reservoir
    • Ponds/Wetlands
      • Surface Area
      • Precipitation
      • Inflow
      • Evaporation
      • Seepage
      • Outflow
        • Pond Outflow
        • Wetland Outflow
    • Depressions/Potholes
      • Surface Area
      • Precipitation
      • Inflow
      • Evaporation
      • Seepage
      • Outflow
        • Overflow
        • Release Operation
        • Tile Flow
  • Sediment In Water Bodies
    • Mass Balance
    • Settling
    • Sediment Outflow
  • Nutrients In Water Bodies
    • Nutrient Transformations
    • Total Balance
    • Eutrophication
      • Phosphorus/Chlorophyll a Correlations
  • Pesticides In Water Bodies
    • Pesticide In The Water
      • Solid-Liquid Partitioning
      • Degradation
      • Volatilization
      • Settling
      • Outflow
    • Pesticide In The Sediment
      • Solid-Liquid Partitioning
      • Degradation
      • Resuspension
      • Diffusion
      • Burial
    • Mass Balance
  • Bacteria In Water Bodies
    • Bacteria Decay
  • References
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  1. In-Stream Pesticide Transformations
  2. Pesticide In The Sediment

Burial

Last updated 3 years ago

CtrlK

#1315: katie.mendoza's Oct 3 ET chapter

Change request updated 10 months ago

Pesticide in the sediment layer may be lost by burial. The amount of pesticide that is removed from the sediment via burial is:

7:4.2.13

where is the amount of pesticide removed via burial (mg pst), is the burial velocity (m/day), is the depth of the active sediment layer (m), and is the amount of pesticide in the sediment (mg pst).

Table 7:4-2: SWAT+ input variables related to pesticide in the sediment.

Variable Name
Definition
Input File

: Pesticide partition coefficient (m/g)

.swq

SEDPST_REA

: Rate constant for degradation or removal of pesticide in the sediment (1/day)

.swq

CHPST_RSP

: Resuspension velocity (m/day)

.swq

SEDPST_ACT

: Depth of the active sediment layer (m)

.swq

CHPST_MIX

: Rate of diffusion or mixing velocity (m/day)

.swq

SEDPST_BRY

: Pesticide burial velocity (m/day)

.swq

pstbur=vbDsed∗pstrchsedpst_{bur}=\frac{v_b}{D_{sed}}*pst_{rchsed}pstbur​=Dsed​vb​​∗pstrchsed​
pstburpst_{bur}pstbur​
vbv_bvb​
DsedD_{sed}Dsed​
pstrchsedpst_{rchsed}pstrchsed​

CHPST_KOC

KdK_dKd​
3^33
kp,sedk_{p,sed}kp,sed​
vrv_rvr​
DsedD_{sed}Dsed​
vdv_dvd​
vbv_bvb​